The healing process after implantation of biomaterials involves the interaction of many
contributing factors. Besides their in vivo functionality, biomaterials also require …

This article focuses on one of the major failure routes of implanted medical devices, the
foreign body reaction (FBR)—that is, the phagocytic attack and encapsulation by the body of …

The biocompatibility of medical implants dictates the fate of almost all medical devices. It is
well established that medical devices trigger a variety of adverse tissue responses, such as …

Implantation of biomaterials into the body elicits a material-dependent inflammatory
response called the foreign body reaction (FBR). Macrophages play a pivotal role in the FBR …

The foreign body response describes the non-specific immune response to implanted
foreign materials (Coleman et al., 1974; Anderson, 2001; Luttikhuizen et al., 2006). It is …

The human body is endowed with an uncanny ability to distinguish self from foreign. The
implantation of a foreign object inside a mammalian host activates complex signaling …

Host responses toward foreign implants that lead to chronic inflammation and fibrosis may
result in failure of the biomedical device. To solve these problems, first a better …

All biomaterials, when implanted in vivo, elicit cellular and tissue responses. These
responses include the inflammatory and wound healing responses, foreign body reactions …

Biomaterial implants are an established part of medical practice, encompassing a broad
range of devices that widely differ in function and structural composition. However, one …

Subcutaneously implanted materials trigger the host's innate immune system, resulting in
the foreign body reaction. This reaction consists of protein adsorption on the implant surface …