An electromagnetic field (EMF) has been shown to have various stimulatory or inhibitory
effects on microorganisms. Over the years, growing interest in this topic led to numerous …

Some studies show how exposure to fields can enhance or reduce cell activity, with possible
applicative consequences in the field of biotechnology, including biological techniques for …

Despite the growing prevalence of using living organisms in industry, the control of
biotechnological processes remains highly complex and constitutes one of the foremost …

Continued attempt by the industry and research sectors to improve productivity of
commercially viable microbial products fall into three general approaches including …

The surge of interest in bioenergy has been marked with increasing efforts in research and
development to identify new sources of biomass and to incorporate cutting-edge …

The response of mycelium proliferation in 12 strains of fungi were tested by sinusoidal ELF
50 Hz electromagnetic field treatment in the range B= 0.6–10 mT over 10 days. The ratio of …

The inflence of extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields on Escherichia coli
cultures in submerse fermentation was studied. The fermentation processes were carried out …

This paper is designed to provide an introduction to the major directions in the use of
electromagnetic fields (EMFs) of various types, amplitudes, frequencies, waveforms, and …

Nonchemical amenities have been tested as alternatives to chemical factors to both
stimulate and suppress microbial growth in research, therapeutics, industry, and …

In the food industry, some fungi are considered to be common spoilage microorganisms
which reduce the shelf life of products. To avoid this outcome, different technologies are …