There are no available guidelines or methodologies to design the concrete lining in a tunnel
for loss of functionality following a fire event. Historical tunnel fires confirm that tunnel …

Fire hazards are a major threat to tunnel structures; however, the existing understanding of
the behavior of tunnel linings under fire is limited, which restricts cost-effective and safe …

In many tunnel designs, lining cross section is selected based on construction requirements
rather than design loads. A constant cross section is typically used along a tunnel especially …

The basis of a possible fire design and verification approach to the linings of RC tunnels,
using the performance-based approach, is presented. Starting from an extensive literature …

Tunnel liners can suffer significant structural damage when exposed to long duration fires.
The resulting damage to the tunnel liner can produce casualties, major service disruptions …

The Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL) is the UK's first major new railway for over a century-a
high-speed line running for 108 km between the Channel Tunnel and central London. The …

The concrete tunnel lining behavior when exposed to a natural fire loading is very important
for the designing of tunnel lining safety. This work presents details of field tunnel fire testing …

Conventional heat transfer analysis for the prediction of fire-induced damage in a tunnel is
performed without consideration of the spalling and dehydration of concrete, meaning that …

This paper provides an overview of some significant aspects concerning the design of
concrete tunnel linings subjected to severe fire exposure. The distinguishing feature of …

Rigorous understanding of tunnel fire attributes and behavior of concrete at elevated
temperatures are indispensable for conducting a numerical simulation of tunnel linings …