Macrophage cell fusion and multinucleation are fundamental processes in the formation of
multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) in chronic inflammatory disease and osteoclasts in the …

Monocytes and macrophages are innate immune cells with diverse functions ranging from
phagocytosis of microorganisms to forming a bridge with the adaptive immune system. A …

Fusion of macrophages leads to the formation of osteoclasts in bone and of multinucleated
giant cells in granulomas. The precise function of granuloma-associated multinucleates …

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing multinuclear polykaryon that are essential for bone
remodeling and are formed through cell fusion of mononuclear macrophage/monocyte …

Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), characteristic of granulomatous infections as well as
multinucleated osteoclasts originate from fusion of macrophages. While intracellular and …

Monocyte lineage cells play important roles in health and disease. Their differentiation into
macrophages is crucial for a broad array of immunologic processes that regulate …

Recent studies directed toward developing a better understanding of the molecular and
cellular biology basis of monocyte-derived multinucleated giant cell formation, function, and …

Cellular associations in the bone microenvironment are involved in modulating the balance
between bone remodeling and resorption, which is necessary for maintaining a normal bone …

Multinucleation is a hallmark of osteoclast maturation. The unique and dynamic
multinucleation process not only increases cell size but causes functional alterations …

These recently identified factors together with the well known osteoclast receptor, α v β 3,
may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the modulation and inhibition of multinucleated …