Transmitter signalling is the universal chemical language of any nervous system, but little is
known about its early evolution. Here, we summarize data about the distribution and …

There is more than one way to develop neuronal complexity, and animals frequently use
different molecular toolkits to achieve similar functional outcomes. Genomics and …

Neurons are highly specialized cells equipped with a sophisticated molecular machinery for
the reception, integration, conduction and distribution of information. The evolutionary origin …

In nervous systems, there are two main modes of transmission for the propagation of activity
between cells. Synaptic transmission relies on close contact at chemical or electrical …

How to make a neuron, a synapse, and a neural circuit? Is there only one 'design'for a
neural architecture with a universally shared genomic blueprint across species? The brief …

Abstract Analysis of the origin and evolution of neurons is crucial for revealing principles of
organization of neural circuits with unexpected implications for genomic sciences …

The assembly of the neuronal and other major cell type programs occurred early in animal
evolution. We can reconstruct this process by studying non-bilaterians like placozoans …

Nervous systems evolved around 560 million years ago to coordinate and empower animal
bodies. Ctenophores–one of the earliest-branching lineages—are thought to share a few …

The wide variety of animal behaviours that can be observed today arose through the
evolution of their underlying neural circuits. Advances in understanding the mechanisms …

Mental terms—such as perception, cognition, action, emotion, as well as attention, memory,
decision-making—are epistemically sterile. We support our thesis based on extensive …