Development of disease-resistant plant varieties achieved by engineering anti-microbial
transgenes under the control of strong promoters can suffice the inhibition of pathogen …

Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play pivotal roles in plant responses to
both biotic and abiotic stress. A screen of a Nicotiana benthamiana cDNA virus‐induced …

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are important Ca2+ signalling components
involved in complex immune and stress signalling networks; but the knowledge of CPK gene …

Piper colubrinum Link., an exotic species, is a wild relative of cultivated black pepper (Piper
nigrum L.), and shows high degree of resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade plays a very important role in plant signal
transduction mechanism. A full length cDNA of 1,514 bp length, corresponding to a mitogen …

Wheat is recalcitrant to genetic transformation. A potential solution is to manipulate the
expression of some host proteins involved in T-DNA integration process. VirE2 interacting …

Thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthesis involves key enzymes known as thiazole moieties
(THI1/THI2), which have been shown to participate in plant responses to abiotic stress …

In the pathogen infection and host defence equilibrium, plant viruses have evolved to
efficiently replicate their genomes, to resist the attack from host defence responses and to …

Abstract Background Calcium ions (Ca2+), secondary messengers, are crucial for the signal
transduction process of the interaction between plants and pathogens. Ca2+ signaling also …

Highly conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades regulate numerous
plant processes, including hormonal responses, stress, and innate immunity. In this …