There are inherent structural and functional differences in the central nervous systems
(CNS) of females and males. It has been gradually established that these sex-specific …

Sex differences have been clinically documented in numerous neurodegenerative diseases
and yet the reasons for these differences are not well understood. Recent studies have …

Sex differences in brain structure and function are of substantial scientific interest because of
sex-related susceptibility to psychiatric and neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation is a …

One area of microglial biology that has been relatively neglected until recently is sexual
dimorphism and this is in spite of the fact that sex is a risk factor in several diseases that are …

Microglia are the resident immune cells in the brain and maintain homeostasis and
functionality of this tissue. These cells are key producers of immune mediators, such as …

Sex has a role in the incidence and outcome of neurological illnesses, also influencing the
response to treatments. Neuroinflammation is involved in the onset and progression of …

Sex plays a role in the incidence and outcome of neurological illnesses, also influencing the
response to treatments. Despite sexual differentiation of the brain has been extensively …

Microglia, the resident innate immune cells in the brain, have long been understood to be
crucial to maintenance in the nervous system, by clearing debris, monitoring for infiltration of …

Several neurological conditions are associated with sex differences in prevalence or
outcome. For example, autism predominantly affects boys, depression is more common in …

Microglia are the principle immune cells of the brain. Once activated, microglial cells may
exhibit a wide repertoire of the context-dependent profiles ranging from highly neurotoxic to …