Infections arising from multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are spreading rapidly
throughout the world and threaten to become untreatable. The origins of resistance are …

Antibiotics are vital to modern medicine. However, bacterial resistance constitutes a growing
threat to effective antimicrobial therapy worldwide. Indeed, antimicrobial resistance …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) refers to the capability of bacterial pathogens to withstand lethal
doses of structurally diverse drugs which are capable of eradicating non-resistant strains …

Antimicrobial resistance is a current major challenge in chemotherapy and infection control.
The ability of bacterial and eukaryotic cells to recognize and pump toxic compounds from …

Multidrug efflux pumps can be involved in bacterial resistance to antibiotics at different
levels. Some efflux pumps are constitutively expressed at low levels and contribute to …

Gram-negative bacteria express a plethora of efflux pumps that are capable of transporting
structurally varied molecules, including antibiotics, out of the bacterial cell. This efflux lowers …

Antibiotic resistance mechanisms reported in Gram-negative bacteria are causing a
worldwide health problem. The continuous dissemination of 'multidrug-resistant'(MDR) …

Multidrug efflux pumps are inner membrane transporters that export multiple antibiotics from
the inside to the outside of bacterial cells, contributing to bacterial multidrug resistance …

Bacterial infections pose a serious public health concern, especially when an infectious
disease has a multidrug resistant causative agent. Such multidrug resistant bacteria can …

Bacterial genomes sequenced to date almost invariably contain genes apparently coding for
multidrug efflux pumps, and the yeast genome contains more than 30 putative multidrug …