Osteoarthritis (OA) and chronic low back pain due to degenerative (intervertebral) disc
disease (DDD) are two of the major causes of disabilities worldwide, affecting hundreds of …

Low back pain is an extremely common illness syndrome that causes patient suffering and
disability and requires urgent solutions to improve the quality of life of these patients …

Hydrogels have been extensively employed as an attractive biomaterial to address
numerous existing challenges in the fields of regenerative medicine and research because …

The impairment of articular cartilage due to traumatic incidents or osteoarthritis has posed
significant challenges for healthcare practitioners, researchers, and individuals suffering …

Injectable hydrogels are gaining prominence as a biocompatible, minimally invasive, and
adaptable platform for cartilage tissue engineering. Commencing with their synthesis, this …

Articular cartilage is an important load-bearing tissue distributed on the surface of
diarthrodial joints. Due to its avascular, aneural and non-lymphatic features, cartilage has …

Articular cartilage (AC) is an avascular and flexible connective tissue located on the bone
surface in the diarthrodial joints. AC defects are common in the knees of young and …

Cartilage loss due to age‐related degeneration and mechanical trauma is a significant and
challenging problem in the field of surgical medicine. Unfortunately, cartilage tissue can be …

Low back pain is an increasingly prevalent symptom mainly associated with intervertebral
disc (IVD) degeneration. It is highly correlated with aging, as the nucleus pulposus (NP) …

Low back pain caused by disc herniation and spinal stenosis imposes an enormous medical
burden on society due to its high prevalence and refractory nature. This is mainly due to the …