Folivora (sloths) constitutes a taxonomically rich group comprised of many extinct
representatives and a few living forms. The clade also shows remarkable skeletal disparity …

Glyptodonts are a group of extinct xenarthrans with several anatomical features that make
them one of the most bizarre groups of mammals. By the late 19th century, some authors …

The internal cranial morphology of the terrestrial sloth Glossotherium robustum is described
here based on a neurocranium from the late Pleistocene of the Pampean region of Buenos …

The skeletal anatomy of the anterior narial region in mammals is complex, comprised of
several bony and cartilaginous elements. Because it includes many cartilaginous …

Various 535–365 million year-old extinct jawless vertebrates taxa provide either direct or
indirect information about brain and cranial nerve morphology. The paraphyletic group …

Synapsida, the clade including therapsids and thus also mammals, is one of the two major
branches of amniotes. Organismal design, with modularity as a concept, offers insights into …

The evolutionary history of the Cingulata, as for many groups, remains a highly debated
topic to this day, particularly for one of their most emblematic representatives: the …

Xenarthrans, a largely endemic group originating in South America, constitute one of the
four major clades of placental mammals. The order Cingulata is composed of extant and …

Extinct scelidotheriine sloths are among the most peculiar fossil mammals from South
America. In recent decades, the external cranial anatomy of Pleistocene scelidotheres such …

The digital reconstruction of neurocranial endocasts has elucidated the gross brain structure
and potential ecological attributes of many fossil taxa, including Irritator, a spinosaurine …