Carnitine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative that is involved in the transport of
long-chain fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix. There, these substrates undergo β …

Among the various metabolic abnormalities documented in dialysis patients are
abnormalities related to the metabolism of fatty acids. Aberrant fatty‐acid metabolism has …

Levocarnitine is a molecule required in mammalian energy metabolism. It removes the
potentially toxic acyl groups from the cell helping to maintain normal metabolic functions. In …

Carnitine is a metabolic cofactor which is essential for normal fatty acid metabolism. Patients
with chronic kidney disease on dialysis have been shown both to suffer from disordered fatty …

Abstract Carnitine, 3‐hydroxy‐4‐trimethylaminobutyrate, a small, water soluble molecule
that is essential for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, is significantly reduced in hemodialysis …

Among the homeostatic processes controlling the endogenous l-carnitine pool in humans,
the kidney has a vital role through extensive and adaptive tubular reabsorption. Kidney …

Carnitine, gamma-trimethyl-beta-hydroxybutyrobetaine, is a small molecule widely present
in all cells from prokaryotic to eukaryotic. It is an important element in the beta-oxidation of …

ABSTRACT L‐carnitine plays an essential role in the β‐oxidation of fatty acids by catalyzing
their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The kidney maintains plasma free L‐carnitine …

Hemodialysis (HD) patients often have low serum concentrations of free L‐carnitine and
decreased skeletal muscle stores. As L‐carnitine is an essential cofactor in fatty acid and …

Background: Carnitine deficiency is a common condition in hemodialysis patients. There
have been numerous reports on the efficacy of levocarnitine therapy in hemodialysis …