The control of body and organ growth is essential for the development of adults with proper
size and proportions, which is important for survival and reproduction. In animals, adult body …

Nutrition, via the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS)/Target of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling
pathway, can provide a strong molding force for determining animal size and shape. For …

Over the past two decades, fundamental strides in physiology and genetics have allowed us
to finally grasp the developmental mechanisms regulating body size, primarily in one model …

Multicellular organisms must integrate growth and differentiation precisely to pattern
complex tissues. Despite great progress in understanding how different cell fates are …

Organisms modulate their growth according to nutrient availability. Although individual cells
in a multicellular animal may respond directly to nutrient levels, growth of the entire …

Organisms adapt to changing environments by adjusting their development, metabolism,
and behavior to improve their chances of survival and reproduction. To achieve such …

Adult body size in higher animals is dependent on the amount of growth that occurs during
the juvenile stage. The duration of juvenile development, therefore, must be flexible and …

How animals achieve their specific body size is a fundamental, but still largely unresolved,
biological question. Over the past decades, studies on the insect model system have …

In animals, developmental timing of sexual maturation is tightly linked to nutrition and
growth. Maturation only occurs once the juvenile has acquired sufficient nutrients and …

In animal species undergoing determinate growth, the making of a full-size adult body
requires a series of coordinated growth events culminating in the cessation of growth that …