During infection, Streptococcus pneumoniae exists mainly in sessile biofilms rather than in
planktonic form, except during sepsis. The capacity to form biofilms is believed to be …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of death in children worldwide and forms
highly organized biofilms in the nasopharynx, lungs, and middle ear mucosa. The luxS …

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the upper airways of children and the elderly.
Colonization progresses to persistent carriage when S. pneumoniae forms biofilms, a …

LuxS is an enzyme involved in the activated methyl cycle and the by-product autoinducer-2
(AI-2) was a quorum sensing signal in some species. In our previous study, the functional …

Objective: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the nasopharynx of children, and from
nasopharynx it could migrate to the middle ear and causes acute otitis media (AOM). During …

Streptococcus mutans, a Gram-positive immobile bacterium, is an oral pathogen considered
to be the principal etiologic agent of dental caries. Although some researches suggest that …

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes several diseases, including otitis media, pneumonia,
and meningitis. Although little is known about the regulation of or how individual …

Bacteria growing within biofilms are protected from antibiotics and the immune system.
Within these structures, horizontal transfer of genes encoding virulence factors, and …

The function of AI-2 in many bacteria and the physiological role of LuxS, the enzyme
responsible for its production, remain matters of debate. Here, we show that in …

Quorum sensing is a widespread chemical communication in response to fluctuation of
bacterial population density, and has been implicated into bacterial biofilm formation and …