Synaptic plasticity is defined as the ability of synapses to change their strength of
transmission. Plasticity of synaptic connections in the brain is a major focus of neuroscience …

2 Gardner et al Sympathetic Remodeling and Arrhythmias excitability of postganglionic
neurons may also contribute to elevated adrenergic transmission in the heart. Neuronal cell …

Anatomical and functional data collected over the past two decades have led our group and
others to propose the presence of a complex neuronal hierarchy that controls regional …

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an
increased risk of all-cause mortality and complications. The autonomic nervous system …

The cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an integral role in normal cardiac
physiology as well as in disease states that cause cardiac arrhythmias. The cardiac ANS …

Altered autonomic input to the heart plays a major role in atrial fibrillation (AF). Autonomic
neurons termed ganglionated plexi (GP) are clustered on the heart surface to provide the …

Cardiac innervation comes from both extrinsic and intrinsic sources. The extrinsic
sympathetic innervation arises from the stellate ganglia and paravertebral sympathetic …

One of the major roles of the intracardiac nervous system (ICNS) is to act as the final site of
signal integration for efferent information destined for the myocardium to enable local control …

Autonomic nervous system dysregulation is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple
cardiac arrhythmias, and therefore modulating sympathetic or parasympathetic input to the …

Plasticity is a fundamental property of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous
systems, enabling rapid changes in neural network function. The intracardiac nervous …