Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) culminating into heart failure (HF) are
major causes of death in men and women. Prevalence and manifestation, however, differ …

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to abnormal physiological and pathological
stimuli, which can be classified into concentric and eccentric hypertrophy, induced by …

Abstract Purpose of the Review This review summarizes sex-related changes in the heart
and vasculature that occur with aging, both in the presence and absence of cardiovascular …

Great progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of
cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and this has improved the prevention and prognosis of …

Sex has a profound impact on myocardial remodeling, which is defined as the molecular
and cellular events after an injury to the myocardium (ie, necrosis, pressure overload …

Biological sex is an important modifier of physiology and influences pathobiology in many
diseases. While heart disease is the number one cause of death worldwide in both men and …

Cardiovascular diseases show many sex-related differences in prevalence, etiology,
phenotype expression, and outcomes. Complex molecular mechanisms underlie this …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death world-wide. Most of treatment
strategies were based on studies conducted on male patients. Studies have shown that …

Heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HF-NEF) is frequently believed to be more
common in women than in men. However, the interaction of gender and age has rarely been …

Aging promotes structural and functional remodeling of the heart, even in the absence of
external factors. There is growing clinical and experimental evidence supporting the …