Genetic alterations affecting transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) signaling are
exceptionally common in diseases and cancers of the gastrointestinal system. As a regulator …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members exert their function via specific type I
and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors and intracellular Smad transcription factors …

PURPOSE Based largely on in vitro inve stigations and animal studies, investigators believe
that disruptions of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling contribute to the …

The human gastrointestinal tract contains the largest population of immune cells in the body
and this is a reflection of the fact that it is continuously exposed to a myriad of dietary and …

Members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family regulate cell fate decisions
during early embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in the adult. Deregulation of …

Members of the TGF-beta superfamily exhibit various biological activities, and perturbations
of their signaling are linked to certain clinical disorders including cancer. The role of TGF …

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling occurs through
Smads 2/3/4, which translocate to the nucleus to regulate transcription; TGF-β has tumor …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β initially inhibits growth of mature epithelial cells. Later,
however, autocrine TGF-β signaling acts in concert with the Ras pathway to induce a …

In physiological conditions, the activity of the intestinal immune system is tightly regulated to
prevent tissue-damaging reactions directed against components of the luminal flora. Various …

Background & Aims Chronic inflammation is a predisposing condition for colorectal cancer.
Many studies to date have focused on proinflammatory signaling pathways in the colon …