Development of chloroplasts and other plastids depends on the import of thousands of
nucleus-encoded proteins from the cytosol. Import is initiated by TOC (translocon at the outer …

INTRODUCTION Chloroplasts are plant organelles responsible for the bulk of terrestrial
photosynthetic primary production. They evolved via endosymbiosis from a cyanobacterial …

Chloroplasts are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants [1, 2]. The
chloroplast proteome comprises∼ 3,000 different proteins, including components of the …

Chloroplasts are photosynthetic plant organelles descended from a bacterial ancestor. The
vast majority of chloroplast proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and then imported into the …

Chloroplasts are the defining plant organelles with responsibility for photosynthesis and
other vital functions. To deliver these functions, they possess a complex proteome …

Chloroplasts are the organelles that define plants, and they are responsible for
photosynthesis as well as numerous other functions. They are the ancestral members of a …

Chloroplasts are plant organelles responsible for photosynthesis and environmental
sensing. Most chloroplast proteins are imported from the cytosol through the translocon at …

Photosynthesis is the energetic basis for most life on Earth, and in plants it operates inside
double membrane–bound organelles called chloroplasts. The photosynthetic apparatus …

Plastid-targeted proteins pass through the cytosol as unfolded precursors. If proteins
accumulate in the cytosol, they can form nonspecific aggregates that cause severe cellular …

Plant cells are characterized by a unique group of interconvertible organelles called
plastids, which are descended from prokaryotic endosymbionts. The most studied plastid …