Background: Higher BMI in childhood is associated with emotional and behavioural
problems, but these associations may not be causal. Results of previous genetic studies …

The causal role of obesity in the development of depression remains uncertain. We applied
instrumental‐variables regression (Mendelian randomization) to examine the association of …

Importance Mood disorders are associated with increased body weight, especially in
females, but it remains unknown when the weight increase starts. Objectives To examine …

Mendelian Randomization studies, which use genetic instrumental variables (IVs) as quasi‐
experiments to estimate causal effects, report inconsistent findings regarding effects of body …

Background Childhood obesity is associated with adult major depressive disorder (MDD),
but their causality is not clear. Methods We performed a two‐sample Mendelian …

Abstract Background/Objectives Although childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) has been previously associated with concurrent and later obesity in adulthood, the …

Objective. Stress in childhood relates to both childhood depression and elevated adult body
mass index (BMI), a measure of relative overweight. However, there are limited data on the …

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and body mass index (BMI) are
associated. However, it remains unclear whether this association reflects causal …

Background High maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) has been associated with
increased risk of offspring attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, whether …

Objective Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity are associated within individuals,
but little is known about the association between MDD and obesity within families. We …