CD4+ T helper (Th) cells play a central role in the adaptive immune response by providing
help to B cells and cytotoxic T cells and by releasing different types of cytokines in tissues to …

Human beings are exposed to a variety of different pathogens, which induce tailored
immune responses and consequently generate highly diverse populations of pathogen …

CD4 T helper cells (Th) are critical in combating pathogens and maintaining immune
homeostasis. Since the establishment of the Th1–Th2 paradigm in the 1980s, many types of …

Humans are continuously exposed to a high number of diverse pathogens that induce
different types of immune responses. Primary pathogen-specific immune responses …

On antigen encounter, naïve CD8+ and CD4+ T cells differentiate into a large number of
effector cells that migrate to inflamed tissues to fight infections or tumors. Following …

The great variety of pathogens present in the environment has obliged the immune system
to evolve different mechanisms for tailored and maximally protective responses. Initially, two …

CD4 T cells play critical roles in mediating adaptive immunity to a variety of pathogens. They
are also involved in autoimmunity, asthma, and allergic responses as well as in tumor …

Abstracts CD4+ T cells can be subdivided from a functional point of view into two main
subsets: effector cells, which provide protection against exogenous offending agents, and …

Abstract In 1986, Robert Coffman and Timothy Mossman first described the division of CD4+
T cells into functional subsets, termed T helper 1 (TH1) and TH2, based on cytokine …

CD4 T helper (Th) cells play critical roles in adaptive immune responses. They recruit and
activate other immune cells including B cells, CD8 T cells, macrophages, mast cells …