Satellites are mobile genetic elements that are dependent upon the replication machinery of
their helper viruses. Bacteriophages have provided many examples of satellite nucleic acids …

Phage defense systems are often found on mobile genetic elements (MGEs), where they
constitutively defend against invaders or are induced to respond to new assaults. Phage …

Microbial diversification is driven by geographic and ecological factors, but how the relative
importance of these factors varies among species, geographic scales, and habitats remains …

Potato scab is a globally important disease caused by polyphyletic plant pathogenic
Streptomyces species. Streptomyces acidiscabies, Streptomyces scabies and Streptomyces …

The mitomycin C inducible prophage SF370. 1 from the highly pathogenic M1 serotype
Streptococcus pyogenes isolate SF370 showed a 41-kb-long genome whose genetic …

Bacteriophage–bacteria interactions are affected by phage satellites, elements that exploit
phages for transfer between bacteria. Satellites can encode defense systems, antibiotic …

Background Streptomyces are widespread bacteria that contribute to the terrestrial carbon
cycle and produce the majority of clinically useful antibiotics. While interspecific genomic …

Bacterial viruses (phages) are potent agents of lateral gene transfer and thus are important
drivers of evolution. A group of mobile genetic elements, referred to as phage satellites …

Satellite phage P4 has two known options for propagation. In its lytic cycle, its regulatory
functions can act in trans to alter the actions of a helper virus (P2), which then provides …

Virus satellites are widespread subcellular entities, present both in eukaryotic and in
prokaryotic cells. Their modus vivendi involves parasitism of the life cycle of their inducing …