Vein grafts are widely used for coronary artery bypass grafting and hemodialysis access, but
restenosis remains the" Achilles' heel" of these treatments. An extravascular stent is one …

Following vein grafting, the vein must adapt to arterial hemodynamics, which can lead to
intimal hyperplasia (IH) and restenosis. Moreover, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition …

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) has been confirmed to effectively improve the
prognosis of coronary artery disease, which is a major public health concern worldwide. As …

Background The poor long-term patency ratio of vein grafts prevents patients from benefiting
from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). It is reported that external venous stents have …

Declined regenerative potential and aggravated inflammation upon aging create an
inappropriate environment for arterial regeneration. Macrophages are one of vital effector …

Little is known regarding the interplays between the mechanical and molecular bases for
vein graft restenosis. We elucidated the stenosis initiation using a high-frequency ultrasonic …

Neointimal hyperplasia, which results from the activation, proliferation and migration of
vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), is a detrimental condition for vascular stents or …

Background The prevalence of coronary artery disease is increasing. As a common
treatment method, coronary artery bypass transplantation surgery can improve heart …

Background: Neointimal hyperplasia (NH) is a crucial pathophysiological feature in vascular
transplant and in-stent restenosis. Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth …

Drug-eluting stents (DESs) placement remarkably reduces the over-proliferation of smooth
muscle cells (SMCs) and thus neointimal hyperplasia. However, the pharmacological agent …