PAIN continues to be a significant problem for many patients after major surgery. In addition
to improving patient satisfaction and decreasing pain scores, enhanced perioperative pain …

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia followed by postoperative epidural analgesia is increasingly
being used for abdominal, major vascular and cardiothoracic surgery. The objective of …

Epidural analgesia is a well-established technique that has commonly been regarded as the
gold standard in postoperative pain management. However, newer, evidence-based …

Six hundred and forty patients received epidural analgesia for postoperative pain relief
following major surgery in the 6‐year period 1993–1998. Although satisfactory pain relief …

Background: Pain becomes chronic in 22–67% of patients who undergo a thoracotomy.
Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has replaced less invasive methods to manage …

ContextWhether epidural analgesia is a better method than parenteral opioids for
postoperative pain control remains controversial. ObjectiveTo systematically review the …

Many of the benefits of effective epidural analgesia for open abdominal surgery are soundly
established. A well-managed epidural can provide excellent analgesia in the postoperative …

Objective: Currently epidural anesthesia is the gold standard for postoperative pain
management in thoracic surgery. In a prospective randomised study, the effect of an …

Epidural analgesia, often using opioids intraoperatively and postoperatively, is widely
accepted as a valuable modality for perioperative pain management. In this review I present …

Post-thoracotomy pain is one of the most severe types of postoperative pain. It can last up to
2 months and can become chronic in 30% of patients. Pain relief after thoracic surgery is of …