The air quality in the subway metro indoor microenvironment has been of particular public
concern. With specific reference to the growing demand of green transportation and …

This research paper presents a comprehensive review of different types of air pollutants,
their concentration levels, sources contributing to air pollution, health impacts of pollutants …

Indoor air pollution is an increasing health concern, especially in enclosed environments
such as underground subway stations because of increased global usage by urban …

The effects of air pollution within subway systems on public health has far been overlooked.
A few previous studies have warned that particulate matter (PM)-bound metals in subway air …

Due to the rapidly increasing ridership and the relatively enclosed underground space, the
indoor air quality (IAQ) in underground subway stations (USSs) has attracted more public …

Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is
becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the …

We present the first report of exposure to particulate matter by commuters at 12 underground
subway stations in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Particle measurements were taken …

The particulate matters (PM10 and PM2. 5) inside urban subway stations greatly influence
indoor air quality and passenger comfort. This study aims to analyze and interpret the …

The Barcelona subway system comprises eight subway lines, at different depths, with
different tunnel dimensions, station designs and train frequencies. An extensive …

ABSTRACTCommuters spend considerable time, in some cases up to 1–2 ha day, traveling
in metro trains. However, few studies have compared air quality between trains traveling …