Background Biological pathways underlying major depressive disorder (MDD) can be
viewed as systems biology networks. The psycho-immune-neuroendocrine (PINE) network …

Abstract Background/Aims The psycho-immune-neuroendocrine (PINE) network is a
predominantly physiological (metabolomic) model constructed from the literature, inter …

The psycho-immune-neuroendocrine (PINE) network is a regulatory network of interrelated
physiological pathways that have been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). A …

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by alterations in brain
function that are identifiable also during the brain's 'resting state'. One functional network that …

This article introduces a systems biology model of the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine
(PINE) network. It provides a comprehensive synthesis of the network of biological …

Understanding the neural substrates of depression is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Here, we review recent studies of functional and effective connectivity in depression, in …

There are several hypotheses concerning the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of
major depression, which centre largely around adaptive changes in neuronal transmission …

This paper reviews that cell-mediated-immune (CMI) activation and inflammation contribute
to depressive symptoms, including anhedonia; anxiety-like behaviors; fatigue and somatic …

Background Misdiagnosing bipolar depression can lead to very deleterious consequences
of mistreatment. Although depressive symptoms may be similarly expressed in unipolar and …

Introduction: Previous studies have primarily focused on the neuropathological mechanisms
of the emotional circuit present in bipolar mania and bipolar depression. Recent studies …