Background Pharmacogenetics is not a new subject area but its relevance to drug
prescribing has become clearer in recent years due to developments in gene cloning and …

Pharmacogenetics has been defined as the study of variability in drug response due to
heredity [1]. More recently, with the fashion for adding the suffix... omics' to areas of research …

Adverse drug reactions, due at least in part to interindividual variability in drug response,
rank between the 4th and 6th leading causes of death in the USA. The field of …

The overall objective of pharmacogenetics is to determine the genetic basis of variability in
drug efficacy and safety, and to use this information to benefit the patient. Genetics can be …

Pharmacogenetic factors operate at pharmacokinetic as well as pharmacodynamic levels—
the two components of the dose–response curve of a drug. Polymorphisms in drug …

Despite initial enthusiasm, 1, 2, 3 the use of pharmacogenetics has remained limited to
investigation in only a few clinical fields such as oncology and psychiatry. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 The …

Physicians have long been aware of the subtle differences in the responses of patients to
medication. The recognition that a part of this variation is inherited, and therefore …

Pharmacogenetic approaches are widely expected to bring about a “revolution” in medicine.
While the application of molecular genetic approaches to disease research will provide us …

Over the last two decades, identification of polymorphisms that influence human diseases
has begun to have an impact on the provision of medical care. The promise of genetics lies …

In the last several years pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have attracted the
interest of the scientific community and of important pharmaceutical groups. What is the …