Macrophages display functional phenotypic plasticity. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection
induces polarizations of liver macrophages either to M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype or …

Macrophages display phenotypic plasticity and can be induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) to
undergo either M1-like pro-inflammatory or M2-like anti-inflammatory polarization. Here, we …

The mechanisms of chronic HBV infection and immunopathogenesis are poorly understood
due to a lack of a robust small animal model. Here we report the development of a …

Background & Aims Liver macrophages can be involved in both pathogen clearance and/or
pathogenesis. To get further insight on their role during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) …

The Hepatitis B virus chronically infects the liver of 250 million people worldwide. Over the
past decades, major advances have been made in the understanding of Hepatitis B virus life …

Elevated expression of monokine induced by the interferon-γ (MIG) has been shown in HBV
carriers, and it is involved in the infiltration of inflammatory cells and liver damage after HBV …

We have previously shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication is abolished in the liver of
HBV transgenic mice by inflammatory cytokines induced by HBV-specific cytotoxic T cells …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects hepatocytes specifically and causes immune‐mediated liver
damage. How HBV interacts with the innate immunity at the early phase of infection, either …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can replicate within hepatocytes without causing direct cell damage.
The host immune response is, therefore, not only essential to control the spread of virus …

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is often used as an adjuvant or alternative therapy for
abnormal liver biochemistry or liver fibrosis associated with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) …