Biomonitoring efforts have clearly shown that all humans are exposed to chemical mixtures.
Of concern is whether or not exposure to mixtures during pregnancy contributes to …

Although risk assessments are typically conducted on a chemical-by-chemical basis, the
1996 Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) required the Environmental Protection Agency …

To date, regulatory agencies have not considered conducting cumulative risk assessments
for mixtures of chemicals with diverse mechanisms of toxicity because it is assumed that the …

Background By disrupting the action of androgens during gestation, certain chemicals
present in food, consumer products, and the environment can induce irreversible …

Antiandrogenic chemicals alter sexual differentiation by a variety of mechanisms, and as a
consequence, they induce different profiles of effects. For example, in utero treatment with …

By diminishing the action of androgens during gestation, certain chemicals can induce
irreversible demasculinization and malformations of sex organs in the male rat after …

Although risk assessments are typically conducted on a chemical‐by‐chemical basis, the
1996 Food Quality Protection Act required the US Environmental Protection Agency to …

We investigated the ability of a mixture of three androgen receptor antagonists to induce
disruption of male sexual differentiation after perinatal exposure. The aim was to assess …

Chemicals that act as androgen receptor (AR) agonists and antagonists or inhibit fetal
steroidogenesis can induce reproductive malformations in humans and laboratory animals …

Humans carry residues of multiple synthetic chemicals at any given point in time. Research
has demonstrated that compounds with varying molecular initiating events (MIE) that disrupt …