Benthic communities living in shallow-shelf habitats in Antarctica (< 100-m depth) are
archaic in structure and function compared to shallow-water communities elsewhere …

Marine benthic communities living in shallow-water habitats (< 100 m depth) in Antarctica
possess characteristics reminiscent of Paleozoic marine communities and modern deep-sea …

Background As Earth warms, temperate and subpolar marine species will increasingly shift
their geographic ranges poleward. The endemic shelf fauna of Antarctica is especially …

A decade has yielded much progress in understanding polar disturbance and community
recovery—mainly through quantifying ice scour rates, other disturbance levels, larval …

Organisms have a limited number of responses that enhance survival in changing
environments. They can: 1. Cope within existing physiological flexibility; 2. Adapt to …

Environmental conditions fostering marine communities around Antarctica differ
fundamentally from those in the rest of the world's oceans, particularly in terms of …

Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean are facing complex environmental change.
Their native biota has adapted to the region's extreme conditions over many millions of …

Forecasting assemblage-level responses to climate change remains one of the greatest
challenges in global ecology [1, 2]. Data from the marine realm are limited because they …

Because of the unique conditions that exist around the Antarctic continent, Southern Ocean
(SO) ecosystems are very susceptible to the growing impact of global climate change and …

Abstract Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at
least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes …