Autism affects males more than females, giving rise to the idea that the influence of steroid
hormones on early fetal brain development may be one important early biological risk factor …

Elevated latent prenatal steroidogenic activity has been found in the amniotic fluid of autistic
boys, based on measuring prenatal androgens and other steroid hormones. To date, it is …

Background Studies of prenatal exposure to sex steroid hormones predict autistic traits in
children at 18 to 24 and at 96 months of age. However, it is not known whether postnatal …

Elevated levels of prenatal testosterone may increase the risk for autism spectrum conditions
(autism). Given that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is also associated with elevated …

Background Increased prenatal testosterone exposure has been hypothesized as a
mechanism underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, no studies have …

The prenatal brain develops under the influence of an ever-changing hormonal milieu that
includes endogenous fetal gonadal and adrenal hormones, placental and maternal …

Autism is diagnosed on the basis of behavioral manifestations, but its biomarkers are not
well defined. A strong gender bias typifying autism (it is 4–5 times more prevalent in males) …

Background Autism spectrum conditions have been characterised as an extreme
presentation of certain male-typical psychological traits. In addition, several studies have …

Molecular and behavioural evidence points to an association between sex-steroid
hormones and autism spectrum conditions (ASC) and/or autistic traits. Prenatal androgen …

Despite the identification of numerous autism susceptibility genes, the pathobiology of
autism remains unknown. The present “case-control” study takes a global approach to …