There is limited evidence on the distribution of heavy metals and its association with
secondhand smoking (SHS) within Pacific Island children living in New Zealand. Certain …

Behavioral problems are multifactorial and includes perinatal, maternal, family, parenting,
socio-economic and personal risk factors, but less is known about the association of …

Objective Elemental deficiencies or in excess effects growth and development. Pacific
population are at a disadvantage due to food insecurity as compared to New Zealand …

Metal pollution and its health effects present a challenge currently facing the developing
countries. Metal poisoning is usually difficult and expensive to assess or screen in these …

Exposure to environmental contaminants is complicated by factors related to socioeconomic
status, diet, and other culturally conditioned risk behaviors. Determination of a trace element …

Toenails have been used as biomarkers of exposure to toxic metals, but their validity for this
purpose is not yet clear and might differ depending on the specific agent. To evaluate this …

Cadmium, copper, lead and zinc concentrations were determined (atomic absorption
spectrometry) in the proximal end of scalp hair (n= 474) and in toenail clippings (n= 461) of …

Health problems associated with essential trace metals can result from both inadequate (ie,
low intake) and excessive exposures (ie, from environmental and/or occupational source) …

The impact of waste incinerators is usually examined by measuring environmental
pollutants. Biomonitoring has been limited, until now, to few metals and to adults. We …

This study used hair and nails to biomonitor heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) from
geological source and exposure through regular fish consumption among children in Lake …