Since purinergic signaling was discovered in the early 1970s, it has been shown that
extracellular nucleotides, and their derivative nucleosides, are released in a regulated or …

Extracellular ATP and its metabolite adenosine are increasingly recognized as key
mediators of the immune response. Depending on the concentration, ATP may act as an …

Under physiological conditions, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is present at low levels in the
extracellular milieu, being massively released by stressed or dying cells. Once outside the …

The purine nucleotide ATP is a fundamental unit in cellular energy metabolism. Extracellular
ATP and its metabolites are also ligands for a family of receptors, known as purinergic …

Abstract Extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine molecules are
intimately involved in immune responses. ATP is mostly a pro-inflammatory molecule and is …

ATP and its ultimate degradation product adenosine are potent extracellular signalling
molecules that elicit a variety of pathophysiological functions in the kidney through the …

It has been reported that ATP inhibits or stimulates lymphoid cell proliferation depending on
the cellular subset analyzed. In this study, we show that ATP exerts strikingly opposite effects …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the main biochemical components of the tumor
microenvironment (TME), where it can promote tumor progression or tumor suppression …

Extracellular NAD and ATP exert multiple, partially overlapping effects on immune cells.
Catabolism of both nucleotides by extracellular enzymes keeps extracellular concentrations …

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is actively released in the extracellular environment in
response to tissue damage and cellular stress. Through the activation of P2X and P2Y …