From the 1Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, 2Yale University School of Medicine, New
Haven, Connecticut, 3Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western …

Background: Lead management is an increasingly important aspect of care in patients with
cardiac implantable electronic devices; however, relatively little is known about long-term …

The number of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations has increased
over recent years 1, 2 as a result of population growth, increasing life expectancy, adoption …

Indications for extraction of chronically implanted pacemaker leads have been classified as
mandatory, necessary, or discretionary. 1 2 In published reports as well as in clinical …

Background Removal of an entire cardiovascular implantable electronic device is
associated with morbidity and mortality. We sought to establish a risk classification scheme …

The clinical benefits of pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have
been well-established by numerous scientific studies. 1–23 Millions of devices have been …

The European Heart Rhythm Association charged the present writing committee with the
task of producing a consensus document on training and accreditation for transvenous …

Background It is difficult to predict adverse patient outcomes associated with transvenous
lead extraction (TLE) procedures. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the …

Background The transvenous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) lead is the most
common source of complications in a traditional ICD system. This investigation aims to …

Background Leadless cardiac pacemakers (LCPMs) are an emerging alternative to TV-PM 1–
3 to reduce the complications related to TV leads and subcutaneous generator pockets. 4–6 …