Stomata are crucial structures in plants that play a primary role in the infection process
during a pathogen's attack, as they act as points of access for invading pathogens to enter …

Stomata are microscopic pores formed by pairs of guard cells in the epidermis of terrestrial
plants; they are essential for gas exchange with the environment and controlling water loss …

Stomata are microscopic pores in the epidermis of the aerial parts of terrestrial plants. These
pores are essential for photosynthesis, as they allow CO2 to diffuse into the plant. The size …

Bacteria and fungi are capable of triggering stomatal closure through pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs), which prevents penetration through these pores. Therefore, the …

Guard cells are specialized cells forming stomatal pores at the leaf surface for gas
exchanges between the plant and the atmosphere. Stomata have been shown to play an …

Pathogen entry into host tissue is a critical first step in causing infection. For foliar bacterial
plant pathogens, natural surface openings, such as stomata, are important entry sites …

Microbial entry into host tissue is a critical first step in causing infection in animals and
plants. In plants, it has been assumed that microscopic surface openings, such as stomata …

The regulation of stomatal aperture opening and closure represents an evolutionary battle
between plants and pathogens, characterized by adaptive strategies that influence both …

The stomata of plants regulate gas exchange and water transpiration in response to
changing environmental conditions. New work reveals that stomata also have an important …

Stomata are the main gateways for the entry of microbial pathogens into leaves (Melotto et
al., 2008). However, some try to use hydathodes (Hugouvieux et al., 1998) or breach the …