Background Although serotonin has been postulated as an etiologic agent in the
development of carcinoid heart disease, no direct evidence for different ambient serotonin …

Objectives. To study the applicability of a newly developed echocardiographic scoring
system in the assessment of carcinoid valvular heart disease. Background. We investigated …

BACKGROUND Serotonin excretion plays a role in the development of carcinoid heart
disease (CHD), but the exact pathogenesis is not known. In the current study, the authors …

Carcinoid heart valves demonstrate accumulation of tissue growth factor-ß latency–
associated peptide and latent binding protein. 15 5-HT has been shown to increase …

Carcinoid heart disease (CHD), reported in 50% to 70% of patients with carcinoid syndrome,
is thought to be related to the production of 5-hydroxytryptamine by the tumor. The …

Background By releasing vasoactive substances into the circulation, carcinoid tumors can
cause right-sided valvular heart disease. Factors associated with the progression of …

The development of valvular heart disease in patients with carcinoid syndrome is thought to
be related to the secretion of vasoactive substances by a tumor. We sought to identify …

The carcinoid syndrome is usually evident when enterochromaffin (EC) cell-derived
neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) metastasize to the liver. In addition to carcinoid …

Background—Carcinoid heart disease is a rare form of valvular heart disease. We sought
describe the spectrum of carcinoid heart disease identified by echocardiography and …

Background—The long-term prognosis of patients who develop carcinoid heart disease and
the effect of cardiac surgery on outcome are not well established. Methods and Results—In …