Background The development of quantitative objective tools is critical to the assessment of
surgeon skill. Eye tracking is a novel tool, which has been proposed may provide suitable …

Objective: Currently, surgical skills assessment relies almost exclusively on subjective
measures, which are susceptible to multiple biases. We investigate the use of eye metrics as …

Introduction Eye tracking (ET) is a popular tool to study what factors affect the visual
behaviour of surgical team members. To our knowledge, there have been no reviews to date …

Abstract h recent advances in eye tracking technology, it is now possible to track surgeons'
eye movements while engaged in a surgical task or when surgical residents practice their …

Background: Eye-tracking technology is an established research tool within allied industries
such as advertising, psychology and aerospace. This review aims to consolidate literature …

Eye tracking data can serve as a unique metric for comparing expert-novice differences by
providing insights into attentional processes, which can lead to timely intervention and better …

Introduction Various fields have used gaze behaviour to evaluate task proficiency. This may
also apply to surgery for the assessment of technical skill, but has not previously been …

Background The operating room environment is replete with stressors and distractions that
increase the attention demands of what are already complex psychomotor procedures …

Objective The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between eye-tracking measures
and perceived workload in robotic surgical tasks. Background Robotic techniques provide …

Introduction Increased cognitive workload (CWL) is a well-established entity that can impair
surgical performance and increase the likelihood of surgical error. The use of pupil and gaze …