BACKGROUND In aging populations, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and frailty are common
and often coexist. It is possible that common risk factors and pathophysiological pathways …

Background. Frail health in old age has been conceptualized as a loss of physiologic
reserve associated with loss of lean mass, neuroendocrine dysregulation, and immune …

Frailty is a progressive physiologic decline in multiple body systems marked by loss of
function, loss of physiologic reserve, and increased vulnerability to disease and death. Until …

Frailty is characterized by vulnerability to acute stressors and is a consequence of decline in
overall function and physiologic reserves. An estimated 7% of the US population older than …

Trajectories of health and functioning with age show extreme variability among different
individuals. Normal aging implies a progressive decline of physiological reserve and ability …

Background Prospective cohort studies suggest that frailty is associated with an increased
risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality, but their mechanistic …

“Frailty” is a term used to refer to a state characterized by enhanced vulnerability to, and
impaired recovery from, stressors compared with a nonfrail state, which is increasingly …

Older, more vulnerable individuals are increasingly often described in the literature as being
frail. Because frailty is often perceived as being undesirable and associated with high health …

Frailty is associated with loss of functional reserve as well as with the prediction of adverse
events in the old population. The traditional criteria of frailty are based on five physical …

Frailty is a common and important geriatric syndrome characterized by age-associated
declines in physiologic reserve and function across multiorgan systems, leading to …