Chloroplast degradation during natural or stress-induced senescence requires the
participation of both plastidic and extraplastidic degradative pathways. As part of the …

Degradation of chloroplasts is a hallmark of both natural and stress-induced plant
senescence. Autophagy and senescence-associated vacuoles are two established cellular …

Two well-known pathways for the degradation of chloroplast proteins are via autophagy and
senescence-associated vacuoles. Here, we describe a third pathway that was activated by …

Excluding the central vacuole, chloroplasts constitute the largest compartment within the leaf
cells of plants and contain approximately 80% of the total leaf nitrogen, mainly as proteins …

Chloroplasts contain approximately 80% of total leaf nitrogen and represent a major source
of recycled nitrogen during leaf senescence. While bulk degradation of the cytosol and …

Turnover of dysfunctional organelles is vital to maintain homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. As
photosynthetic organelles, plant chloroplasts can suffer sunlight-induced damage. However …

The earliest visual changes of leaf senescence occur in the chloroplast as chlorophyll is
degraded and photosynthesis declines. Yet, a comprehensive understanding of the …

Degradation of chloroplasts and chloroplast components is a distinctive feature of leaf
senescence. In spite of its importance in the nutrient economy of plants, knowledge about …

Chloroplasts provide energy for all plants by producing sugar during photosynthesis. To
adapt to various environmental and developmental cues, plants have developed specific …

Most assimilated nutrients in the leaves of land plants are stored in chloroplasts as
photosynthetic proteins, where they mediate CO2 assimilation during growth. During …