Glial cells are abundant in the CNS and are essential for brain development and
homeostasis. These cells also regulate tissue recovery after injury and their dysfunction is a …

Microglial cells are the main innate immune cells of the complex cellular structure of the
brain. These cells respond quickly to pathogens and injury, accumulate in regions of …

Efficient immune surveillance and tissue repair within the central nervous system (CNS) are
achieved through a complex and highly regulated network of interactions between resident …

Communication between the immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) is
exemplified by cross‐talk between glia and neurons shown to be essential for maintaining …

The brain constitutes an environment that is specifically designed to accommodate, regulate
and shape immune responses. On one hand, the central nervous system (CNS) has …

While immune responses in neurodegeneration were regarded as little more than a curiosity
a decade ago, they are now increasingly moving toward center stage. Factors driving this …

Our view of the immune privileged status of the brain has dramatically changed during the
past two decades. Even though systemic immune stimuli have the ability to activate different …

Microglia cells are resident central nervous system (CNS) leukocytes that regulate innate
immunity and participate in adaptive immune responses in CNS tissue. However, microglia …

Immune responses in the CNS are common, despite its perception as a site of immune
privilege. These responses can be mediated by resident microglia and astrocytes, which are …

The immune status of the central nervous system (CNS) is strictly regulated. In the healthy
brain, immune responses are kept to a minimum. In contrast, in a variety of inflammatory and …