Abstract Background Exposure to lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) may cause
significant health issues including harmful neurological effects, cancer or organ damage …

Background In 2003, residents of the District of Columbia (DC) experienced an abrupt rise in
lead levels in drinking water, which followed a change in water-disinfection treatment in …

Studies in Philadelphia, New York City, Houston, Washington, DC, and Greenville, North
Carolina, have revealed high lead levels in drinking water. Unlike urban areas, lead levels …

Incidence of EBL (blood lead≥ 10 μg/dL) for children aged≤ 1.3 years in Washington, DC
increased more than 4 times comparing 2001− 2003 when lead in water was high versus …

Background Drinking water is recognized as a source of lead (Pb) exposure. However,
questions remain about the impact of chronic exposure to lead-contaminated water on …

Lead is widely recognized as one of the most pervasive environmental health threats in the
United States, and there is increased concern over adverse health impacts at levels of …

Objectives. To detail baseline drinking water sample lead concentrations and features of US
state-level programs and policies to test school drinking water for lead in 7 states' operating …

Lead results from 78,971 water samples collected in four Canadian provinces from
elementary schools, daycares, and other large buildings using regulatory and investigative …

The global burden of water-based lead (Pb) exposure on children is largely unknown;
however, the importance of water sources as a path of Pb exposure is receiving increased …

As blood lead levels have decreased over time, the relative contributions of alternative lead
sources warrant further examination. Much attention has been paid to the relative …