Living systems operate far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Enzymatic activity can induce
broken detailed balance at the molecular scale. This molecular scale breaking of detailed …

Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are not only characterized by time-independent
macroscopic properties, but also satisfy the principle of detailed balance in the transitions …

We discuss new developments in the nonequilibrium dynamics and thermodynamics of
living systems, giving a few examples to demonstrate the importance of nonequilibrium …

Life is characterized by a myriad of complex dynamic processes allowing organisms to grow,
reproduce, and evolve. Physical approaches for describing systems out of thermodynamic …

Molecular motors are the workhorses of living cells. Seemingly by'magic', these molecules
are able to complete purposeful tasks while being immersed in a sea of thermal chaos …

Oscillations within the cell regulate the timing of many important life cycles. However, in this
noisy environment, oscillations can be highly inaccurate owing to phase fluctuations. It …

Living systems operate far from thermal equilibrium by converting the chemical potential of
ATP into mechanical work to achieve growth, replication, or locomotion. Given time series …

Living cells exhibit an important out-of-equilibrium mechanical activity, mainly due to the
forces generated by molecular motors, acting individually or collectively on the cytoskeleton …

Non-equilibrium driving of biophysical processes is believed to enable their robust
functioning despite the presence of thermal fluctuations and other sources of disorder. Such …

Living cells are composed of active materials, in which forces are generated by the energy
derived from metabolism. Forces and structures self-organize to shape the cell and drive its …