Dyes are widely distributed worldwide, and can be found in wastewaters resulting from
industrial or urban effluents. Dyes are of particular concern as contaminants of the aquatic …

Organic dyes extracted from natural sources have been widely used to develop safety and
eco-friendly dyes as an alternative to synthetic ones, since the latter are usually precursors …

Dyes have been used for more than twenty thousand years in textile, pharmaceutical, food,
cosmetic, and photographic industries, among others. Despite their importance in these …

Global consumption of synthetic dyes is roughly 7× 10 5 tons per year, of which the textile
industry expends about two-thirds. Consumption of synthetic dyes produces large volumes …

Textile manufacturing is one of the most polluting industrial sectors because of the release of
potentially toxic compounds, such as synthetic dyes, into the environment. Depending on the …

Aquatic pollution caused by dyes has increased together with the growth of activities using
colorants such as the textile, leather, food, and agrochemicals industries. Because most …

Azo dyes are the largest class of dyes extensively used by industries despite their mutagenic
potential for humans. As such, natural dyes have been reemerging as an important …

Common textile dyes used in various industrial sectors are organic compounds and
considered for the aquatic environment as pollutants. The textile dye industry is one of the …

Organisms exposed to suboptimal conditions face an a priori cost of combating stress in
terms of metabolic resources. The energy available for maintenance, growth, and …

The toxicity of selected azo and anthracenedione dyes was studied using chronic exposures
of embryo-larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Newly fertilized fathead minnow …