Loop-tail (Lp) mice show a very severe neural tube defect (craniorachischisis) caused by
mutations in the Vangl2 gene (D255E, S464N). Mammalian Vangl1 and Vangl2 are …

Loop-tail (Lp) mice show a very severe neural tube defect, craniorachischisis, which is
caused by mis-sense mutations in the Vangl2 gene. The membrane protein Vangl2 belongs …

Vangl2 forms part of the planar cell polarity signalling pathway and is the gene defective in
the Looptail (Lp) mouse mutant. Two previously described alleles, Lp and Lpm1Jus …

Abstract The mammalian Vangl1 and Vangl2 genes were discovered a decade ago through
their association with neural tube defects, in particular the presence of Vangl2 mutations in …

Mammalian Vangl1 and Vangl2 are highly conserved membrane proteins that have evolved
from a single ancestral protein Strabismus/Van Gogh found in Drosophila. Mutations in the …

N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) is a powerful point mutagen that can generate random
mutations. It has been used to generate mouse mutations to produce phenotypic models of …

Human neural tube defects (NTD) are a heterogeneous group that exhibit complex
inheritance, making it difficult to identify the underlying cause. Due to the uniform genetic …

In humans, rare non-synonymous variants in the planar cell polarity gene VANGL1 are
associated with neural tube defects (NTDs). These variants were hypothesized to be …

In the mouse, the loop− tail mutation (Lp) causes a very severe neural tube defect, which is
caused by mutations in the Vangl2 gene. In mammals, Vangl1 and Vangl2 code for integral …

In vertebrates, Vangl proteins play important roles during embryogenesis, including
establishing planar polarity and coordinating convergent extension movements. In mice …