Achieving effective pain management is one of the major challenges associated with
modern day medicine. Opioids, such as morphine, have been the reference treatment for …

Pain is both a major clinical and economic problem, affecting more people than diabetes,
heart disease, and cancer combined. While a variety of prescribed or over-the-counter …

Prolonged treatment of chronic severe pain with opioid analgesics is frought with
problematic adverse effects including tolerance, dependence, and life-threatening …

Classical opioid analgesics, including morphine, mediate all of their desired and undesired
effects by specific activation of the μ‐opioid receptor (μ receptor). The use of morphine for …

The opioid crisis represents a major worldwide public health crisis that has accelerated the
search for safer and more effective opioids. Over the past few years, the identification of …

Opioids are the most effective analgesics used in the clinical management of cancer pain or
non-cancer pain. However, chronic opioids therapy can cause many side effects including …

Opioids are a group of analgesic agents commonly used in clinical practice. The three
classical opioid receptors are MOP, DOP and KOP. The NOP (N/OFQ) receptor is …

Opioids continue to be of use for the treatment of pain. Most clinically used analgesics target
the μ opioid receptor whose activation results in adverse effects like respiratory depression …

Highlights•Biased MOR ligands discovered using empirical, rational and natural product
approaches.•Biased MOR ligands produce analgesia with fewer side effects in mice and …

Opioids are a group of analgesic agents commonly used in clinical practice. There are three
classical opioid receptors (DOP, KOP and MOP), while the novel NOP receptor is …