Background Throughout history, humans have battled with plant diseases since the
beginning of agricultural civilization. In ancient cultures, people appealed to gods for …

Although still poorly understood, accumulating evidence clearly supports that plants also
have a good immune system which have been developed and acquired during the …

A great deal of effort is being invested in understanding the molecular mechanisms through
which plants interact with pathogenic microbes. In Plant Immunity: Methods and Protocols …

The exposure of plants in open land and to various harsh environmental conditions means
that they are at risk of being attacked by different types of microbial pathogens. For survival …

Plants are continuously challenged by abiotic and biotic factors. Threat due to diseases and
pests causes yield losses, and hence resistance buildup is necessary for plants to survive …

Plants are engaged in a continuous co-evolutionary struggle for dominance with their
pathogens. The outcomes of these interactions are of particular importance to human …

Diverse and rapidly evolving pathogens cause plant diseases and epidemics that threaten
crop yield and food security around the world. Research over the last 25 years has led to an …

Infection of plants by microorganisms is a rare event. It is even more rare for a
microorganism to be a plant pathogen. Regardless of the uniqueness of this infection, from …

The attempted infection of a plant by a pathogen, such as a fungus or an Oomycete, may be
regarded as a battle whose major weapons are proteins and smaller chemical compounds …

Plants are invaded by an array of pathogens of which only a few succeed in causing
disease. The attack by others is countered by a sophisticated immune system possessed by …