Bone is a complex organ maintained by three main cell types: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and
osteocytes. During bone formation, osteoblasts deposit a mineralized organic matrix …

Matrix vesicles (MtVs) are one of the extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by osteoblasts.
Although MtVs have a classically-defined function as an initiator of ossification and recent …

The importance of matrix vesicles (MVs) has been repeatedly highlighted in the formation of
cartilage, bone, and dentin since their discovery in 1967. These nano-vesicular structures …

The maintenance of bone homeostasis includes both bone resorption by osteoclasts and
bone formation by osteoblasts. These two processes are in dynamic balance to maintain a …

Throughout human life, bone is constantly in a delicate dynamic equilibrium of synthesis and
resorption, hosting finely-tuned bone mineral metabolic processes for bone homeostasis by …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are phospholipid membrane-enclosed entities containing
specific proteins, RNA, miRNA, and lncRNA. EVs are released by various cells and play a …

Abstract Background Matrix vesicles (MVs) are released from hypertrophic chondrocytes
and from mature osteoblasts, the cells responsible for endochondral and membranous …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are newly appreciated regulators of tissue homeostasis and a
means of intercellular communication. Reports have investigated the role of EVs and their …

Extracellular vesicles comprise a heterogenous population of exosomes and microvesicles
that have critical roles in intercellular signalling and tissue development. These complex …

Hard tissues, including the bones and teeth, are a fundamental part of the body, and their
formation and homeostasis are critically regulated by matrix vesicle–mediated …