Predicting how organisms will respond to anthropogenic climate change and other human
impacts on the environment has become a key goal of ecological research, with the ultimate …

Global climate change caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions is increasing
the risk of species extinctions worldwide. Ectotherms are likely to be particularly vulnerable …

Climate change has caused many ecological changes around the world. Altered phenology
is among the most commonly observed effects of climate change, and the list of species …

Anthropogenic effects, including land-use and climate change, have had dramatic and wide-
ranging impacts on the natural world. The impacts of these changes have already been …

1. Animals with distinct life stages are often exposed to different temperatures during each
stage. Thus, how temperature affects these life stages should be considered for broadly …

Diverse taxa have undergone phenological shifts in response to anthropogenic climate
change. While such shifts generally follow predicted patterns, they are not uniform, and …

Animals with distinct life stages are often exposed to different temperatures during each
stage. Thus, how temperature affects these life stages should be considered for broadly …

Urbanization and global climate change can profoundly alter biological systems, yet
scientists often analyze their effects separately. We test how the timing of life cycle events …

Many species are becoming active earlier in the season as the climate becomes warmer. In
parallel to phenological responses to climate change, many species have also been …

To date, only a small fraction of the forecasted climate changes and resultant biotic impacts
have been observed, but many effects are clear already (Walther et al. 2002). Warmer …