Cholinergic crisis and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of the brain have been known to
induce anxiety disorders upon ageing. BOTOX® is a widely used therapeutic form of …

BOTOX® is a therapeutic form of botulinum neurotoxin. It acts by blocking the release of
acetylcholine (ACh) from the synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junctions, thereby …

Recent work has suggested correlation of oxidative stress with anxiety-like behavior. There
also is evidence for anxiolytic effects of physical exercise. However, a direct role of oxidative …

Botulinum toxin (Botox) is widely used in beauty industry and its long-term consequences
can be a matter of concern. The hippocampal cholinergic system plays a significant role in …

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the progressive neurodegenerative diseases
might be associated with exposure to stress and altered living conditions. This study aimed …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a cascade of
changes in cognitive, behavioral, and social activities. Several areas of the brain are …

Oxidative stress (OS) represents a loss of balance in oxidation-reduction reactions (redox
state). It is characterized by the reduced ability of the antioxidant defense system to …

The incidence of anxiety-related diseases is increasing these days, hence there is a need to
understand the mechanisms that underlie its nature and consequences. It is known that …

It has been suggested that the recent rapid developments in the fields of neuroscience and
psychopharmacology have increased the possibilities for pharmacological enhancement of …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a neuropsychiatric disease that is associated with
profound disturbances in affected individuals. Elucidating the pathophysiology of MDD has …