Purpose Opioids have long been used to treat acute postsurgical and postprocedural pain;
however, opioid-related adverse events (AEs) contribute to poor patient outcomes. In …

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly combined with intravenous
morphine patient-controlled analgesia to relieve postoperative pain. NSAIDs have a …

Abstract Purpose of Review Postoperative pain results in multiple undesirable physiologic
and psychological outcomes, and it should be managed in a multimodal approach. This …

In this article, we review controversies in assessing the risk of serious adverse effects
caused by administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Our focus is …

The inadequacy of pain treatment has been demonstrated in many patient groups suffering
from acute pain. The injectable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including …

Opioids play a crucial role in pain management in spite of causing increased hospital
morbidity and related costs. It may also cause significant risks such as postoperative nausea …

Objective To offer pragmatic, evidence-informed advice on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) as first-line therapy after surgery. This companion to the American Academy …

Patient satisfaction measures and the opioid epidemic have highlighted the need for
effective perioperative pain management. Multimodal analgesia, including non-steroidal anti …

Opioids form an important component of general anesthesia and perioperative analgesia.
Discharge opioid prescriptions are identified as a contributor for persistent opioid use and …

Background Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a mainstay in the control of pain after
major surgery. The drug most commonly used with PCA is morphine, but its administration …