Optogenetic actuators enable highly precise spatiotemporal interrogation of biological
processes at levels ranging from the subcellular to cells, circuits and behaving organisms …

The ability to study cellular physiology using photosensitive, genetically encoded molecules
has profoundly transformed neuroscience. The modern optogenetic toolbox includes …

The optical neuroscience revolution is transforming how we study neural circuits. By
providing a precise way to manipulate endogenous neuronal signaling proteins, it also has …

An emerging set of methods enables an experimental dialogue with biological systems
composed of many interacting cell types—in particular, with neural circuits in the brain …

The optogenetic revolution is transforming neuroscience. The dramatic recent progress in
using light to both control and read out neural activity has highlighted the need for better …

Both observational and perturbational technologies are essential for advancing the
understanding of brain function and dysfunction. But while observational techniques have …

This mini-symposium aims to provide an integrated perspective on recent developments in
optogenetics. Research in this emerging field combines optical methods with targeted …

Highlights•State-of the art approaches to implement optogenetics in mammals.•Application
principles of optogenetic strategies in freely moving animals.•All-optical approaches …

Optogenetic approaches promise to revolutionize neuroscience by using light to manipulate
neural activity in genetically or functionally defined neurons with millisecond precision …

Optogenetics combines optical and genetic methods to rapidly and reversibly control neural
activities or other cellular functions. Using genetic methods, specific cells or anatomical …