Beneficial associations with bacteria are widespread across animals, spanning a range of
symbiont localizations, transmission routes, and functions. While some of these associations …

Mutually beneficial interactions between microorganisms and animals are a conserved and
ubiquitous feature of biotic systems. In many instances animals, including humans, are …

The recent development and application of molecular genetics to the symbionts of
invertebrate animal species have advanced our knowledge of the biochemical …

Microbial symbioses, in which microbes have either positive (mutualistic) or negative
(parasitic) impacts on host fitness, are integral to all aspects of biology, from ecology to …

While examples of bacteria benefiting eukaryotes are increasingly documented, studies
examining effects of eukaryote hosts on microbial fitness are rare. Beneficial bacteria are …

Symbiotic bacteria are important in animal hosts, but have been largely overlooked as they
have proved difficult to culture in the laboratory. Approaches such as comparative genomics …

Microbial associations are integral to all eukaryotes. Mutualism, the interaction of two
species for the benefit of both, is an important aspect of microbial associations, with …

Diverse bacterial lineages form beneficial infections with eukaryotic hosts. The origins,
evolution, and breakdown of these mutualisms represent important evolutionary transitions …

Animals are symbiotic superorganisms, composed of eukaryotic cells and specific microbial
residents that perform essential functions for their host. As humans, we are beginning to …

Microorganisms play a significant role in the evolution and functioning of the eukaryotes with
which they interact. Much of our understanding of beneficial host–microbe interactions stems …